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Classification of stamping process
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By Erica Zhu Feilong Jiangli
Stamping technology is an advanced metal processing method. It is based on the plastic deformation of metal. It uses dies and stamping equipment to exert pressure on the sheet metal under normal temperature conditions, so that the sheet metal produces plastic deformation or separation, so as to obtain parts with certain shape, size and performance. Stamping technology is widely used in automobile industry, and is the key technology in automobile body manufacturing.
Stamping features:
(1) it is easy to operate, easy to realize mechanization and automation, and has high productivity.
(2) The dimension precision of the part is guaranteed by the mould. Generally, it can be used for assembly without cutting, so the quality is stable.
(3) it is possible to obtain parts with complex shapes which cannot be machined or processed by other metal processing methods.
(4) Generally, it does not need to heat the blank, nor does it need to remove a large number of metals like cutting, so it not only saves energy, but also has a high utilization rate of materials.
(5) The raw materials used are rolled sheets or strips, and the surface of the material is generally not damaged during the stamping process, so the surface quality of the stamping parts is better.
The stamping process is carried out on punching presses or presses. Special punching tools are equipped on punching presses or presses.
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By Erica Zhu Feilong Jiangli
The stamping process can be divided into different classes according to different standards.
(1) according to the different deformation properties, it can be divided into separation process and forming process.
Separation process: the material is processed under external force to produce deformation, as used in the deformation part of the equivalent stress reached the shear strength of the material, the material will produce shear cracking and separation, thus forming a certain shape and size of the parts. These stamping processes are generally referred to as separation processes, such as tailoring, punching, blanking, and cutting.
Forming process: under the action of external force, the equivalent stress acting on the deformed part of the material is between the yield limit and the strength limit of the material. The material only produces plastic deformation, so as to obtain a certain shape and size of the parts. These stamping processes are collectively called forming processes, such as bending, drawing, forming and other deformation processes.
(2) according to the basic deformation mode, it can be divided into blanking, bending, drawing and forming.
Punching: Punching, such as punching, blanking, etc., is a process in which materials are cut apart along closed or non-closed contours.
Bending: The stamping process of bending a material into an angle or shape is called bending, such as bending, crimping, twisting, etc.
Drawing: The process of drawing a flat blank into a hollow part, or further changing the shape and size of the hollow part with a drawing die, is called drawing. There are thinner drawing and thinner drawing.
Forming: The stamping process that causes material to deform locally to change the shape of a part or blank is called forming, such as flanging, shrinkage, etc.
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By 袁春凤 (Tiffany)
Forging process foundation
Forging concept
Forging is a kind of forging method that produces partial or total plastic deformation of billet or ingot under the action of pressure equipment and tools to obtain certain geometry, size and quality. Forging methods: free forging, die forging, die forging, rolling, drawing, extrusion and so on. Among them, free forging and die forging are the most commonly used forging methods.
Characteristics and application of forging
Improve the internal structure of metal and improve the mechanical properties of metal. Besides free forging, it has higher labor productivity. Save metal materials. It is difficult to forge workpieces with complex shape and inner cavity. Forging is generally used in the manufacture of high strength, good reliability of automotive parts, such as: engine crankshaft, camshaft, connecting rod, chassis drive shaft, cross shaft, front axle, rear axle, steering system knuckle, steering knuckle arm.
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By Erica Zhu Feilong Jiangli
(1) the concept of casting
Molten metal is poured into the mold cavity, and after solidification and cooling, a certain shape of parts or parts blank is obtained. This method is called casting. The blank or parts obtained by casting are called castings. Castings generally account for about 20% of the vehicle's self weight, ranking only second after steel consumption.
(2) casting method
Sand mold casting: Liquid metal fills the mold cavity completely by gravity, and the raw material for forming the mold is mainly sand.
Special casting: all kinds of casting methods other than sand casting.
(3) characteristics and application of casting
It is easy to shape and adaptable.
The production cost is low and more economical.
The microstructure and properties of casting materials are poor.
Casting is generally used in the manufacture of automobile box, shell, bracket parts, such as: engine cylinder block, cylinder head, intake (exhaust) manifold, crankshaft, camshaft, ram speed box shell, chassis rear axle housing, killing bracket, brake drum, brake disc.
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